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» Italicization and Underlining
Italicization and Underlining....
Sometimes underlining/underscoring is used in place of italics. The uses and guidelines for italics apply to underlining/underscoring.
In general, punctuation marks are set in the same typeface, as italic, as the word that precedes them.
In quotations, words that were not italicized in the original version of a text may be italicized in the quoted passage to give emphasis to a particular word or phrase, but this change must be indicated. The notation can be "emphasis added," "italics added," or "italics mine."
For plural forms of italicized words, phrases, abbreviations, and letters, the -s or 's is almost always roman, e.g. a row of x's.
For possessive endings, the -s or 's can be either roman or italic. Roman is preferred.
Italicization or underlining is used for:
for emphasis, e.g. Please bring the filled-out forms on the first day of camp.
Arts and Entertainment
motion pictures, e.g. The Gangs of New York
musical compositions, e.g. Verdi's Don Carlos
play titles, e.g. The Producers
television and radio series, e.g. Sesame Street, All Things Considered
Language
binomial nomenclature, e.g. Hippodamia convergens
foreign words and phrases that have not been fully adopted into English, e.g. chicken cordon bleu
in a formal definition, the word to be defined is often italicized or underlined and the definition quoted, e.g. collude means "to connive with another"
Latin abbreviations, e.g. ibid., op. cit.
ordinal numbers, e.g. 2d, 3d, 22d, 22nd
sounds, e.g. The mixer made a low whirr.
subscripts and superscripts of single-letter abbreviations
typographical contrast, esp. for individual letters or key symbols, e.g. point A on the bar graph
unfamiliar words or words with a specialized meaning, esp. when given with a short definition, e.g. adzuki is a small round dark-red edible bean, bad break is an instance of bad luck.
words referred to as words, letters referred to as letters, numerals referred to as numerals, e.g. He cannot pronounce his th's, Are you using data as a singular or plural noun?
Publications
book titles, e.g. A Thesaurus of British Archaeology
court case titles, e.g. Jones v. Massachusetts
electronic books, newspapers, and magazines' titles, e.g. the Electronic Times Internet
identifying terms in indexes, e.g. illus., map, table
mottos, e.g. E Pluribus Unum
numerals, to show that they represent a title or volume in a bibliography or reference, e.g. (3, 140)
periodical titles, e.g. The New York Times, The Chicago Tribune, National Geographic. Do not italicize, underline, or capitalize the words magazine, newspaper, etc. unless it is part of the actual title.
subtitle that accompanies the main title of a book, The Order of Things: How Everything in the World is Organized into Hierarchies, Structures & Pecking Orders
titles of complete books, long poems, magazines, newspapers, plays, movies, long musical compositions such as operas, novellas, works of art, etc. A variation is to type the title of a complete work in full capitals.
titles of complete works being prepared for publication
Special Subjects
mathematics, for single English letters that represent unknowns and variables, even when they are used in subscripts and superscripts; for letters used to describe geometric figures; and for d derivative, e exponent, f function.
medical terms given in binomial nomenclature, e.g. Clostridium botulinum
individual vehicle and vessel names and their suffixes, e.g. Apollo 13
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